fix: harden speech and document interactions

package.json

@@ -110,7 +110,10 @@
       "target": [
         "dmg"
       ],
-      "category": "public.app-category.productivity"
+      "category": "public.app-category.productivity",
+      "extendInfo": {
+        "NSMicrophoneUsageDescription": "GoodBuddy 需要访问麦克风，将语音转换为可编辑文字。"
+      }
     },
     "linux": {
       "icon": "build/icon.png",

src/main/context-manager.test.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { mkdtemp, rm, writeFile } from 'node:fs/promises'
 import { tmpdir } from 'node:os'
 import { basename, join } from 'node:path'
+import { strToU8, zipSync } from 'fflate'
 import { afterEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest'
 
 const { createFromBuffer, getSources, showOpenDialog } = vi.hoisted(() => ({
@@ -175,6 +176,59 @@ describe('ContextManager', () => {
     )
   })
 
+  it('extracts explicitly selected Office documents into bounded text context', async () => {
+    const directory = await mkdtemp(join(tmpdir(), 'goodbuddy-context-'))
+    temporaryDirectories.push(directory)
+    const filePath = join(directory, '需求说明.docx')
+    await writeFile(
+      filePath,
+      Buffer.from(
+        zipSync({
+          'word/document.xml': strToU8(
+            '<w:document><w:p><w:t>Word 需求正文</w:t></w:p></w:document>'
+          )
+        })
+      )
+    )
+    showOpenDialog.mockResolvedValue({
+      canceled: false,
+      filePaths: [filePath]
+    })
+    const manager = new ContextManager()
+
+    const [attachment] = await manager.selectFiles({} as BrowserWindow)
+
+    expect(attachment).toMatchObject({
+      name: '需求说明.docx',
+      kind: 'text',
+      preview: '[正文] Word 需求正文'
+    })
+    expect(showOpenDialog).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      expect.anything(),
+      expect.objectContaining({
+        filters: expect.arrayContaining([
+          expect.objectContaining({
+            name: 'PDF 和 Office 文档',
+            extensions: expect.arrayContaining([
+              'docx',
+              'pdf',
+              'pptx',
+              'xlsx'
+            ])
+          })
+        ])
+      })
+    )
+    const prompt = manager.enrichRequest({
+      requestId: '1f6a37b6-e0a3-449f-8878-b10d353fbfb4',
+      conversationId: 'conversation-1',
+      prompt: '总结文档',
+      contextIds: [attachment!.id]
+    }).prompt
+    expect(prompt).toContain('Word 需求正文')
+    expect(prompt).toContain('"content":"[正文]\\nWord 需求正文"')
+  })
+
   it('keeps all five explicitly selected images', async () => {
     const directory = await mkdtemp(join(tmpdir(), 'goodbuddy-context-'))
     temporaryDirectories.push(directory)

src/main/context-manager.ts

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ import type {
   AgentImage
 } from './agent/runtime'
 import { encodeBoundedJpeg } from './bounded-jpeg'
+import { parseDocument } from './knowledge/document-parser'
 
 type StoredTextContext = ContextAttachment & {
   kind: 'text'
@@ -35,6 +36,7 @@ type StoredImageContext = ContextAttachment & {
 type StoredContext = StoredTextContext | StoredImageContext
 
 const maximumFileSize = 256 * 1024
+const maximumDocumentFileSize = 20 * 1024 * 1024
 const maximumContextBytes = 12 * 1024 * 1024
 const maximumContextCount = 16
 const maximumAttachmentsPerMessage = 8
@@ -68,6 +70,36 @@ const supportedImageExtensions = new Set([
   '.png',
   '.webp'
 ])
+const supportedDocumentExtensions = new Set([
+  '.docx',
+  '.pdf',
+  '.pptx',
+  '.xlsx'
+])
+
+function truncateUtf8(value: string, maximumBytes: number): string {
+  const buffer = Buffer.from(value)
+  if (buffer.byteLength <= maximumBytes) {
+    return value
+  }
+  const marker = '\n\n[文档内容过长，已截断]'
+  const markerBytes = Buffer.byteLength(marker)
+  return `${buffer
+    .subarray(0, maximumBytes - markerBytes)
+    .toString('utf8')
+    .replace(/\uFFFD$/u, '')}${marker}`
+}
+
+function formatParsedDocument(
+  sections: Awaited<ReturnType<typeof parseDocument>>['sections']
+): string {
+  return sections
+    .map(
+      (section) =>
+        `[${section.locator}]\n${section.content}`
+    )
+    .join('\n\n')
+}
 
 export class ContextManager {
   private readonly contexts = new Map<string, StoredContext>()
@@ -161,6 +193,12 @@ export class ContextManager {
           extensions: [...supportedImageExtensions].map((extension) =>
             extension.slice(1)
           )
+        },
+        {
+          name: 'PDF 和 Office 文档',
+          extensions: [...supportedDocumentExtensions].map((extension) =>
+            extension.slice(1)
+          )
         }
       ]
     })
@@ -178,7 +216,8 @@ export class ContextManager {
         const extension = extname(canonicalPath).toLowerCase()
         if (
           !supportedExtensions.has(extension) &&
-          !supportedImageExtensions.has(extension)
+          !supportedImageExtensions.has(extension) &&
+          !supportedDocumentExtensions.has(extension)
         ) {
           throw new Error(`不支持的文件类型：${extension || '未知'}`)
         }
@@ -204,6 +243,33 @@ export class ContextManager {
           }
           continue
         }
+        if (supportedDocumentExtensions.has(extension)) {
+          try {
+            const fileStat = await handle.stat()
+            if (
+              !fileStat.isFile() ||
+              fileStat.size > maximumDocumentFileSize
+            ) {
+              throw new Error('PDF 或 Office 文档必须小于 20MB 且不能是目录')
+            }
+            const parsed = await parseDocument(
+              basename(canonicalPath),
+              await handle.readFile()
+            )
+            attachments.push(
+              this.storeText(
+                basename(canonicalPath),
+                truncateUtf8(
+                  formatParsedDocument(parsed.sections),
+                  maximumFileSize
+                )
+              )
+            )
+          } finally {
+            await handle.close()
+          }
+          continue
+        }
         let content: string
         try {
           const fileStat = await handle.stat()

src/main/knowledge/document-parser.test.ts

@@ -2,6 +2,33 @@ import { strToU8, zipSync } from 'fflate'
 import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest'
 import { chunkDocument, parseDocument } from './document-parser'
 
+function createPdfFixture(text: string): Buffer {
+  const stream = `BT /F1 18 Tf 50 100 Td (${text}) Tj ET`
+  const objects = [
+    '<< /Type /Catalog /Pages 2 0 R >>',
+    '<< /Type /Pages /Kids [3 0 R] /Count 1 >>',
+    '<< /Type /Page /Parent 2 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 300 200] /Resources << /Font << /F1 4 0 R >> >> /Contents 5 0 R >>',
+    '<< /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /BaseFont /Helvetica >>',
+    `<< /Length ${Buffer.byteLength(stream)} >>\nstream\n${stream}\nendstream`
+  ]
+  let content = '%PDF-1.4\n'
+  const offsets = [0]
+  for (const [index, object] of objects.entries()) {
+    offsets.push(Buffer.byteLength(content))
+    content += `${index + 1} 0 obj\n${object}\nendobj\n`
+  }
+  const xrefOffset = Buffer.byteLength(content)
+  content += `xref\n0 ${objects.length + 1}\n`
+  content += '0000000000 65535 f \n'
+  content += offsets
+    .slice(1)
+    .map((offset) => `${String(offset).padStart(10, '0')} 00000 n \n`)
+    .join('')
+  content += `trailer\n<< /Size ${objects.length + 1} /Root 1 0 R >>\n`
+  content += `startxref\n${xrefOffset}\n%%EOF\n`
+  return Buffer.from(content)
+}
+
 describe('document parser', () => {
   it('parses text and creates overlapping bounded chunks', async () => {
     const parsed = await parseDocument(
@@ -66,6 +93,21 @@ describe('document parser', () => {
     }
   })
 
+  it('extracts page text and locators from PDF files', async () => {
+    const parsed = await parseDocument(
+      'sample.pdf',
+      createPdfFixture('PDF body text')
+    )
+
+    expect(parsed.content).toContain('PDF body text')
+    expect(parsed.sections).toEqual([
+      {
+        locator: '第 1 页',
+        content: 'PDF body text'
+      }
+    ])
+  })
+
   it('rejects unsupported or oversized content', async () => {
     await expect(
       parseDocument('archive.zip', Buffer.from('not supported'))

src/renderer/src/App.test.tsx

@@ -614,7 +614,12 @@ describe('App', () => {
       agentListener?.({
         requestId: request.requestId,
         type: 'text',
-        delta: '这是回答内容'
+        delta: '这是'
+      })
+      agentListener?.({
+        requestId: request.requestId,
+        type: 'text',
+        delta: '回答内容'
       })
       agentListener?.({
         requestId: request.requestId,
@@ -626,6 +631,29 @@ describe('App', () => {
     expect(screen.getByText('项目：默认项目')).toHaveClass('scope-badge')
   })
 
+  it('keeps a running response visible when cancellation fails', async () => {
+    vi.mocked(api.agent.cancel).mockRejectedValueOnce(
+      new Error('cancel failed')
+    )
+    render(<App />)
+
+    fireEvent.change(screen.getByLabelText('向 GoodBuddy 提问'), {
+      target: { value: '开始一个长任务' }
+    })
+    fireEvent.click(await screen.findByLabelText('发送'))
+    await waitFor(() => expect(run).toHaveBeenCalledOnce())
+
+    fireEvent.click(await screen.findByLabelText('停止生成'))
+
+    await waitFor(() =>
+      expect(api.agent.cancel).toHaveBeenCalledOnce()
+    )
+    expect(
+      await screen.findByText(/停止生成失败，请重试/u)
+    ).toBeInTheDocument()
+    expect(screen.getByLabelText('停止生成')).toBeInTheDocument()
+  })
+
   it('keeps sent documents and images in conversation history', async () => {
     const documentAttachment = {
       id: '00000000-0000-4000-8000-000000000301',
@@ -1455,6 +1483,31 @@ describe('App', () => {
     )
   })
 
+  it('keeps project input when creation fails', async () => {
+    vi.mocked(api.projects.create).mockRejectedValueOnce(
+      new Error('项目目录不可用')
+    )
+    render(<App />)
+
+    fireEvent.click(await screen.findByLabelText('新建项目'))
+    const dialog = screen.getByRole('dialog', { name: '新建项目' })
+    const nameInput = within(dialog).getByLabelText('名称')
+    fireEvent.change(nameInput, {
+      target: { value: '保留的项目名称' }
+    })
+    fireEvent.click(
+      within(dialog).getByRole('button', { name: '创建' })
+    )
+
+    expect(await within(dialog).findByRole('alert')).toHaveTextContent(
+      '项目目录不可用'
+    )
+    expect(nameInput).toHaveValue('保留的项目名称')
+    expect(
+      screen.getByRole('dialog', { name: '新建项目' })
+    ).toBeInTheDocument()
+  })
+
   it('marks an image model and renders its generated artifact', async () => {
     const anchorClick = vi
       .spyOn(HTMLAnchorElement.prototype, 'click')

src/renderer/src/App.tsx

@@ -103,6 +103,11 @@ import {
   saveAppearanceTheme,
   type AppearanceTheme
 } from './theme'
+import {
+  describeSpeechRecognitionError,
+  getSpeechRecognitionConstructor,
+  prepareSpeechRecognition
+} from './speech-recognition'
 
 function isAgentRuntime(
   runtime: AgentRuntimeStatus | undefined
@@ -1194,6 +1199,7 @@ function App(): React.JSX.Element {
               mergeArtifacts(current, artifacts)
             )
           )
+          .catch(() => setNotice('成果列表刷新失败'))
       } else if (event.type === 'artifact') {
         hydratingArtifactIds.current.add(event.artifactId)
         void window.goodbuddy.artifacts
@@ -2366,7 +2372,11 @@ function App(): React.JSX.Element {
       ([, run]) => run.conversationId === activeId
     )?.[0]
     if (requestId) {
-      await window.goodbuddy.agent.cancel(requestId)
+      try {
+        await window.goodbuddy.agent.cancel(requestId)
+      } catch {
+        setNotice('停止生成失败，请重试')
+      }
     }
   }
 
@@ -2481,54 +2491,56 @@ function App(): React.JSX.Element {
     )
   }
 
-  const startVoiceInput = (): void => {
-    type Recognition = {
-      lang: string
-      interimResults: boolean
-      continuous: boolean
-      start: () => void
-      stop: () => void
-      onresult?: (event: {
-        results: ArrayLike<{
-          0?: { transcript?: string }
-        }>
-      }) => void
-      onerror?: () => void
-      onend?: () => void
-    }
-    const SpeechRecognition = (
-      window as unknown as {
-        webkitSpeechRecognition?: new () => Recognition
-        SpeechRecognition?: new () => Recognition
-      }
-    ).SpeechRecognition ?? (
-      window as unknown as {
-        webkitSpeechRecognition?: new () => Recognition
-      }
-    ).webkitSpeechRecognition
+  const startVoiceInput = async (): Promise<void> => {
+    const SpeechRecognition =
+      getSpeechRecognitionConstructor(window)
     if (!SpeechRecognition) {
       setNotice('当前系统不支持内置语音识别，可继续使用键盘输入')
       return
     }
-    const recognition = new SpeechRecognition()
-    recognition.lang = 'zh-CN'
-    recognition.interimResults = false
-    recognition.continuous = false
-    recognition.onresult = (event) => {
-      const transcript = event.results[0]?.[0]?.transcript?.trim()
-      if (transcript) {
-        setInput((current) =>
-          current ? `${current} ${transcript}` : transcript
-        )
+    setVoiceListening(true)
+    let started = false
+    try {
+      const prepared = await prepareSpeechRecognition(
+        SpeechRecognition,
+        'zh-CN',
+        () => {
+          setNotice('正在下载中文离线语音包，完成后将自动开始听写')
+        }
+      )
+      const { recognition } = prepared
+      recognition.onresult = (event) => {
+        const transcript = event.results[0]?.[0]?.transcript?.trim()
+        if (transcript) {
+          setInput((current) =>
+            current ? `${current} ${transcript}` : transcript
+          )
+          setNotice('语音已转为文字，可编辑后发送')
+        }
+      }
+      recognition.onerror = (event) => {
+        setNotice(describeSpeechRecognitionError(event))
+        setVoiceListening(false)
+      }
+      recognition.onend = () => setVoiceListening(false)
+      recognition.start()
+      started = true
+      setNotice(
+        prepared.local
+          ? '正在使用本地语音识别听写'
+          : '正在使用系统语音服务听写'
+      )
+    } catch (reason) {
+      setNotice(
+        reason instanceof Error
+          ? reason.message
+          : '无法启动语音识别，请检查系统语音设置'
+      )
+    } finally {
+      if (!started) {
+        setVoiceListening(false)
       }
     }
-    recognition.onerror = () => {
-      setNotice('语音识别失败，请检查麦克风权限')
-      setVoiceListening(false)
-    }
-    recognition.onend = () => setVoiceListening(false)
-    setVoiceListening(true)
-    recognition.start()
   }
 
   const refreshSelectedKnowledge = async (): Promise<void> => {
@@ -2913,36 +2925,28 @@ function App(): React.JSX.Element {
           >
             <PanelLeft size={18} />
           </button>
-          <div
-            className="conversation-title"
-            title={activeConversation?.title}
-          >
-            <span>
-              {view === 'knowledge'
-                ? '知识库'
-                : view === 'heartbeat'
-                  ? '智能心跳'
-                  : view === 'activity'
-                    ? '任务与活动'
-                    : view === 'settings'
-                      ? '设置中心'
-                      : activeConversation?.title ?? '新对话'}
-            </span>
-          </div>
           {view === 'chat' && (
-            <ScopeBadge
-              scope={
-                activeProject
-                  ? {
-                      kind: 'project',
-                      projectName: activeProject.name
-                    }
-                  : {
-                      kind: 'unavailable',
-                      explanation: '当前项目尚未加载。'
-                    }
-              }
-            />
+            <>
+              <div
+                className="conversation-title"
+                title={activeConversation?.title}
+              >
+                <span>{activeConversation?.title ?? '新对话'}</span>
+              </div>
+              <ScopeBadge
+                scope={
+                  activeProject
+                    ? {
+                        kind: 'project',
+                        projectName: activeProject.name
+                      }
+                    : {
+                        kind: 'unavailable',
+                        explanation: '当前项目尚未加载。'
+                      }
+                }
+              />
+            </>
           )}
           <div className="topbar__actions">
             <span
@@ -3545,7 +3549,7 @@ function App(): React.JSX.Element {
                 <button
                   aria-label={voiceListening ? '正在听写' : '语音输入'}
                   disabled={voiceListening}
-                  onClick={startVoiceInput}
+                  onClick={() => void startVoiceInput()}
                   title="语音转文字，转写后可编辑再发送"
                   type="button"
                 >

src/renderer/src/ProjectSwitcher.tsx

@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ export function ProjectSwitcher({
 }: ProjectSwitcherProps): React.JSX.Element {
   const [creating, setCreating] = useState(false)
   const [saving, setSaving] = useState(false)
+  const [archiving, setArchiving] = useState(false)
   const [error, setError] = useState<string>()
   const createButtonRef = useRef<HTMLButtonElement>(null)
   const dialogRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null)
@@ -53,7 +54,8 @@ export function ProjectSwitcher({
     }
     restoreCreateButtonFocus.current = true
     const onKeyDown = (event: KeyboardEvent): void => {
-      if (event.key === 'Escape' && !saving) {
+      if (event.key === 'Escape' && !saving && !archiving) {
+        setError(undefined)
         setCreating(false)
         return
       }
@@ -81,7 +83,7 @@ export function ProjectSwitcher({
     }
     document.addEventListener('keydown', onKeyDown)
     return () => document.removeEventListener('keydown', onKeyDown)
-  }, [creating, saving])
+  }, [archiving, creating, saving])
 
   const create = async (): Promise<void> => {
     setSaving(true)
@@ -103,6 +105,40 @@ export function ProjectSwitcher({
     }
   }
 
+  const selectRoot = async (): Promise<void> => {
+    setError(undefined)
+    try {
+      const rootPath = await onSelectRoot()
+      if (rootPath) {
+        setDraft((current) => ({
+          ...current,
+          rootPath
+        }))
+      }
+    } catch (reason) {
+      setError(
+        reason instanceof Error
+          ? reason.message
+          : '选择项目根目录失败'
+      )
+    }
+  }
+
+  const archive = async (): Promise<void> => {
+    setArchiving(true)
+    setError(undefined)
+    try {
+      await onArchive(activeProjectId)
+      setCreating(false)
+    } catch (reason) {
+      setError(
+        reason instanceof Error ? reason.message : '归档项目失败'
+      )
+    } finally {
+      setArchiving(false)
+    }
+  }
+
   return (
     <div className="project-switcher">
       <div className="project-switcher__row">
@@ -120,7 +156,10 @@ export function ProjectSwitcher({
         <button
           aria-label="新建项目"
           className="icon-button"
-          onClick={() => setCreating(true)}
+          onClick={() => {
+            setError(undefined)
+            setCreating(true)
+          }}
           ref={createButtonRef}
           type="button"
         >
@@ -131,7 +170,12 @@ export function ProjectSwitcher({
         <div
           className="project-create-backdrop"
           onMouseDown={(event) => {
-            if (event.currentTarget === event.target && !saving) {
+            if (
+              event.currentTarget === event.target &&
+              !saving &&
+              !archiving
+            ) {
+              setError(undefined)
               setCreating(false)
             }
           }}
@@ -148,7 +192,11 @@ export function ProjectSwitcher({
               <button
                 aria-label="关闭新建项目"
                 className="icon-button"
-                onClick={() => setCreating(false)}
+                disabled={saving || archiving}
+                onClick={() => {
+                  setError(undefined)
+                  setCreating(false)
+                }}
                 type="button"
               >
                 <X size={14} />
@@ -189,16 +237,8 @@ export function ProjectSwitcher({
                 <button
                   aria-label="选择项目根目录"
                   className="secondary-button"
-                  onClick={() => {
-                    void onSelectRoot().then((rootPath) => {
-                      if (rootPath) {
-                        setDraft((current) => ({
-                          ...current,
-                          rootPath
-                        }))
-                      }
-                    })
-                  }}
+                  disabled={saving || archiving}
+                  onClick={() => void selectRoot()}
                   type="button"
                 >
                   <FolderOpen size={14} />
@@ -223,23 +263,28 @@ export function ProjectSwitcher({
                 ))}
               </select>
             </label>
-            {error && <p className="project-create-card__error">{error}</p>}
+            {error && (
+              <p className="project-create-card__error" role="alert">
+                {error}
+              </p>
+            )}
             <div className="project-create-card__actions">
               {projects.length > 1 && activeProjectId && (
                 <button
                   className="secondary-button"
-                  onClick={() => {
-                    void onArchive(activeProjectId)
-                  }}
+                  disabled={saving || archiving}
+                  onClick={() => void archive()}
                   type="button"
                 >
                   <Archive size={13} />
-                  归档当前
+                  {archiving ? '归档中' : '归档当前'}
                 </button>
               )}
               <button
                 className="primary-button"
-                disabled={saving || !draft.name.trim()}
+                disabled={
+                  saving || archiving || !draft.name.trim()
+                }
                 onClick={() => void create()}
                 type="button"
               >

src/renderer/src/RightAssistantSidebar.resize.test.tsx

@@ -18,11 +18,13 @@ beforeEach(() => {
 function renderSidebar({
   tasks = [],
   experts = [],
-  tab = 'context'
+  tab = 'context',
+  onCreateSchedule = vi.fn(async () => undefined)
 }: {
   tasks?: AssistantTask[]
   experts?: AssistantExpert[]
   tab?: 'tasks' | 'context'
+  onCreateSchedule?: () => Promise<void>
 } = {}): HTMLElement {
   render(
     <RightAssistantSidebar
@@ -38,7 +40,7 @@ function renderSidebar({
       onClose={vi.fn()}
       onCreateHeartbeat={vi.fn(async () => undefined)}
       onCreateMemory={vi.fn(async () => undefined)}
-      onCreateSchedule={vi.fn(async () => undefined)}
+      onCreateSchedule={onCreateSchedule}
       onImportArtifacts={vi.fn(async () => undefined)}
       onListWorkspaceDirectory={vi.fn(async (path: string) => ({
         path,
@@ -208,4 +210,34 @@ describe('RightAssistantSidebar resizing', () => {
     expect(taskButtons[1]).toHaveClass('assistant-sidebar__row--subtask')
     expect(taskButtons[1]).toHaveTextContent('子专家：研究专家 · 智能路由')
   })
+
+  it('preserves schedule input and reports a failed action', async () => {
+    const onCreateSchedule = vi.fn(async () => {
+      throw new Error('定时服务不可用')
+    })
+    renderSidebar({ tab: 'tasks', onCreateSchedule })
+
+    fireEvent.change(screen.getByLabelText('定时任务标题'), {
+      target: { value: '每日摘要' }
+    })
+    fireEvent.change(screen.getByLabelText('定时任务内容'), {
+      target: { value: '总结今天的工作' }
+    })
+    fireEvent.change(screen.getByLabelText('定时任务时间'), {
+      target: { value: '2026-08-06T09:00' }
+    })
+    fireEvent.click(
+      screen.getByRole('button', { name: '添加定时任务' })
+    )
+
+    expect(await screen.findByRole('alert')).toHaveTextContent(
+      '定时服务不可用'
+    )
+    expect(screen.getByLabelText('定时任务标题')).toHaveValue(
+      '每日摘要'
+    )
+    expect(screen.getByLabelText('定时任务内容')).toHaveValue(
+      '总结今天的工作'
+    )
+  })
 })

src/renderer/src/RightAssistantSidebar.tsx

@@ -306,6 +306,7 @@ export function RightAssistantSidebar({
   const [scheduleRecurrence, setScheduleRecurrence] = useState<
     ScheduleCreateInput['recurrence']
   >('once')
+  const [actionError, setActionError] = useState('')
   const recentTasks = useMemo(
     () =>
       activities
@@ -421,6 +422,7 @@ export function RightAssistantSidebar({
     workspacePreviewRequest.current = requestId
     const projectId = workspaceProjectId
     setWorkspacePreview({ projectId, path, state: 'loading' })
+    setActionError('')
     onTabChange('preview')
     void onLoadWorkspaceFile(path)
       .then((file) => {
@@ -449,6 +451,21 @@ export function RightAssistantSidebar({
       })
   }
 
+  const runAction = (
+    action: () => Promise<void>,
+    fallback: string,
+    onSuccess?: () => void
+  ): void => {
+    setActionError('')
+    void action()
+      .then(onSuccess)
+      .catch((reason: unknown) => {
+        setActionError(
+          reason instanceof Error ? reason.message : fallback
+        )
+      })
+  }
+
   const moveTabFocus = (
     event: React.KeyboardEvent<HTMLButtonElement>,
     tabId: AssistantSidebarTab
@@ -472,6 +489,7 @@ export function RightAssistantSidebar({
     if (!target) {
       return
     }
+    setActionError('')
     onTabChange(target.id)
     requestAnimationFrame(() => {
       document.getElementById(`assistant-sidebar-tab-${target.id}`)?.focus()
@@ -567,7 +585,10 @@ export function RightAssistantSidebar({
             }
             id={`assistant-sidebar-tab-${item.id}`}
             key={item.id}
-            onClick={() => onTabChange(item.id)}
+            onClick={() => {
+              setActionError('')
+              onTabChange(item.id)
+            }}
             onKeyDown={(event) => moveTabFocus(event, item.id)}
             role="tab"
             tabIndex={tab === item.id ? 0 : -1}
@@ -590,6 +611,11 @@ export function RightAssistantSidebar({
         id="assistant-sidebar-panel"
         role="tabpanel"
       >
+        {actionError ? (
+          <p className="settings-error" role="alert">
+            {actionError}
+          </p>
+        ) : null}
         {tab === 'tasks' && (
           <section className="assistant-sidebar__section">
             <p className="assistant-sidebar__section-description">
@@ -737,17 +763,24 @@ export function RightAssistantSidebar({
                   !scheduleTime
                 }
                 onClick={() => {
-                  void onCreateSchedule({
-                    title: scheduleTitle.trim(),
-                    prompt: schedulePrompt.trim(),
-                    workMode: 'ask',
-                    recurrence: scheduleRecurrence,
-                    nextRunAt: new Date(scheduleTime).toISOString()
-                  }).then(() => {
-                    setScheduleTitle('')
-                    setSchedulePrompt('')
-                    setScheduleTime('')
-                  })
+                  runAction(
+                    () =>
+                      onCreateSchedule({
+                        title: scheduleTitle.trim(),
+                        prompt: schedulePrompt.trim(),
+                        workMode: 'ask',
+                        recurrence: scheduleRecurrence,
+                        nextRunAt: new Date(
+                          scheduleTime
+                        ).toISOString()
+                      }),
+                    '添加定时任务失败',
+                    () => {
+                      setScheduleTitle('')
+                      setSchedulePrompt('')
+                      setScheduleTime('')
+                    }
+                  )
                 }}
                 type="button"
               >
@@ -768,13 +801,23 @@ export function RightAssistantSidebar({
                 </span>
                 <div>
                   <button
-                    onClick={() => void onRunSchedule(schedule.id)}
+                    onClick={() =>
+                      runAction(
+                        () => onRunSchedule(schedule.id),
+                        '运行定时任务失败'
+                      )
+                    }
                     type="button"
                   >
                     立即运行
                   </button>
                   <button
-                    onClick={() => void onRemoveSchedule(schedule.id)}
+                    onClick={() =>
+                      runAction(
+                        () => onRemoveSchedule(schedule.id),
+                        '删除定时任务失败'
+                      )
+                    }
                     type="button"
                   >
                     删除
@@ -859,8 +902,11 @@ export function RightAssistantSidebar({
                 disabled={!memoryDraft.trim()}
                 onClick={() => {
                   const content = memoryDraft.trim()
-                  setMemoryDraft('')
-                  void onCreateMemory(content)
+                  runAction(
+                    () => onCreateMemory(content),
+                    '保存长期记忆失败',
+                    () => setMemoryDraft('')
+                  )
                 }}
                 type="button"
               >
@@ -888,9 +934,13 @@ export function RightAssistantSidebar({
                       <>
                         <button
                           onClick={() =>
-                            void onSetMemoryStatus(
-                              memory.id,
-                              'confirmed'
+                            runAction(
+                              () =>
+                                onSetMemoryStatus(
+                                  memory.id,
+                                  'confirmed'
+                                ),
+                              '确认长期记忆失败'
                             )
                           }
                           type="button"
@@ -899,9 +949,13 @@ export function RightAssistantSidebar({
                         </button>
                         <button
                           onClick={() =>
-                            void onSetMemoryStatus(
-                              memory.id,
-                              'rejected'
+                            runAction(
+                              () =>
+                                onSetMemoryStatus(
+                                  memory.id,
+                                  'rejected'
+                                ),
+                              '忽略长期记忆失败'
                             )
                           }
                           type="button"
@@ -913,7 +967,12 @@ export function RightAssistantSidebar({
                     <button
                       aria-label={`删除记忆 ${memory.content.slice(0, 24)}`}
                       className="icon-button"
-                      onClick={() => void onRemoveMemory(memory.id)}
+                      onClick={() =>
+                        runAction(
+                          () => onRemoveMemory(memory.id),
+                          '删除长期记忆失败'
+                        )
+                      }
                       type="button"
                     >
                       <X size={13} />
@@ -971,7 +1030,12 @@ export function RightAssistantSidebar({
             </h3>
             <button
               className="secondary-button assistant-sidebar__import"
-              onClick={() => void onImportArtifacts()}
+              onClick={() =>
+                runAction(
+                  onImportArtifacts,
+                  '导入成果失败'
+                )
+              }
               type="button"
             >
               <Upload size={13} />
@@ -990,8 +1054,12 @@ export function RightAssistantSidebar({
                     workspacePreviewRequest.current += 1
                     setWorkspacePreview(undefined)
                     setSelectedArtifactId(artifact.id)
+                    setActionError('')
                     onTabChange('preview')
-                    void onLoadArtifact(artifact.id)
+                    runAction(
+                      () => onLoadArtifact(artifact.id),
+                      '加载成果失败'
+                    )
                   }}
                   type="button"
                 >
@@ -1022,7 +1090,10 @@ export function RightAssistantSidebar({
                   className="icon-button"
                   onClick={() => {
                     setWorkspaceRefreshVersion((current) => current + 1)
-                    void onRefreshChanges()
+                    runAction(
+                      onRefreshChanges,
+                      '刷新工作区文件失败'
+                    )
                   }}
                   type="button"
                 >
@@ -1093,7 +1164,12 @@ export function RightAssistantSidebar({
                 browserState.status !== 'stopped' && (
                   <button
                     className="secondary-button"
-                    onClick={() => void onStopBrowser()}
+                    onClick={() =>
+                      runAction(
+                        onStopBrowser,
+                        '停止浏览器失败'
+                      )
+                    }
                     type="button"
                   >
                     停止浏览器

src/renderer/src/SettingsPanel.test.tsx

@@ -315,6 +315,46 @@ describe('SettingsPanel runtime files', () => {
     expect(onAppearanceThemeChange).toHaveBeenCalledWith('dark')
   })
 
+  it('supports keyboard navigation between settings tabs', () => {
+    render(
+      <SettingsPanel
+        {...heartbeatSettingsProps}
+        open
+        onClearLocalData={vi.fn(async () => {})}
+        onClose={vi.fn()}
+        onSaved={vi.fn()}
+      />
+    )
+
+    const runtimeTab = screen.getByRole('tab', {
+      name: 'Agent Runtime'
+    })
+    expect(runtimeTab).toHaveAttribute('tabindex', '0')
+    runtimeTab.focus()
+    fireEvent.keyDown(runtimeTab, { key: 'ArrowRight' })
+
+    const securityTab = screen.getByRole('tab', {
+      name: '安全与数据'
+    })
+    expect(securityTab).toHaveFocus()
+    expect(securityTab).toHaveAttribute('aria-selected', 'true')
+    expect(securityTab).toHaveAttribute('tabindex', '0')
+    expect(runtimeTab).toHaveAttribute('tabindex', '-1')
+
+    fireEvent.keyDown(securityTab, { key: 'End' })
+    const mcpTab = screen.getByRole('tab', { name: 'MCP' })
+    expect(mcpTab).toHaveFocus()
+    expect(mcpTab).toHaveAttribute('aria-selected', 'true')
+    expect(
+      screen.getByRole('tabpanel')
+    ).toHaveAttribute('aria-labelledby', 'settings-tab-mcp')
+
+    fireEvent.keyDown(mcpTab, { key: 'Home' })
+    expect(
+      screen.getByRole('tab', { name: '外观' })
+    ).toHaveFocus()
+  })
+
   it('explains automatic Execute authorization and the deny-all policy', async () => {
     render(
       <SettingsPanel

src/renderer/src/SettingsPanel.tsx

@@ -45,6 +45,17 @@ type ModelProfileDraft = RuntimeSettings['modelProfiles'][number] & {
   clearApiKey: boolean
 }
 
+const settingsTabs: readonly SettingsTab[] = [
+  'appearance',
+  'model',
+  'runtime',
+  'security',
+  'automation',
+  'roles',
+  'skills',
+  'mcp'
+]
+
 type SettingsPanelProps = {
   open: boolean
   presentation?: 'modal' | 'page'
@@ -175,6 +186,36 @@ export function SettingsPanel({
     activeTab === 'runtime' ||
     activeTab === 'security'
 
+  const handleTabKeyDown = (
+    event: React.KeyboardEvent<HTMLButtonElement>,
+    tab: SettingsTab
+  ): void => {
+    const currentIndex = settingsTabs.indexOf(tab)
+    let nextIndex: number | undefined
+    if (event.key === 'ArrowDown' || event.key === 'ArrowRight') {
+      nextIndex = (currentIndex + 1) % settingsTabs.length
+    } else if (event.key === 'ArrowUp' || event.key === 'ArrowLeft') {
+      nextIndex =
+        (currentIndex - 1 + settingsTabs.length) %
+        settingsTabs.length
+    } else if (event.key === 'Home') {
+      nextIndex = 0
+    } else if (event.key === 'End') {
+      nextIndex = settingsTabs.length - 1
+    }
+    if (nextIndex === undefined) {
+      return
+    }
+    event.preventDefault()
+    const nextTab = settingsTabs[nextIndex]!
+    setActiveTab(nextTab)
+    event.currentTarget.parentElement
+      ?.querySelector<HTMLButtonElement>(
+        `#settings-tab-${nextTab}`
+      )
+      ?.focus()
+  }
+
   useEffect(() => {
     if (!open) {
       return
@@ -561,82 +602,135 @@ export function SettingsPanel({
         </header>
 
         <div className="settings-panel__body">
-          <nav aria-label="设置分类" className="settings-tabs">
+          <nav
+            aria-label="设置分类"
+            aria-orientation="vertical"
+            className="settings-tabs"
+            role="tablist"
+          >
             <button
+              aria-controls="settings-panel-appearance"
               aria-label="外观"
               aria-selected={activeTab === 'appearance'}
+              id="settings-tab-appearance"
               onClick={() => setActiveTab('appearance')}
+              onKeyDown={(event) =>
+                handleTabKeyDown(event, 'appearance')
+              }
               role="tab"
+              tabIndex={activeTab === 'appearance' ? 0 : -1}
               type="button"
             >
               <strong>外观</strong>
               <small>亮色、暗色与系统主题</small>
             </button>
             <button
+              aria-controls="settings-panel-model"
               aria-label="模型连接"
               aria-selected={activeTab === 'model'}
+              id="settings-tab-model"
               onClick={() => setActiveTab('model')}
+              onKeyDown={(event) =>
+                handleTabKeyDown(event, 'model')
+              }
               role="tab"
+              tabIndex={activeTab === 'model' ? 0 : -1}
               type="button"
             >
               <strong>模型连接</strong>
               <small>LLM、向量模型与凭据</small>
             </button>
             <button
+              aria-controls="settings-panel-runtime"
               aria-label="Agent Runtime"
               aria-selected={activeTab === 'runtime'}
+              id="settings-tab-runtime"
               onClick={() => setActiveTab('runtime')}
+              onKeyDown={(event) =>
+                handleTabKeyDown(event, 'runtime')
+              }
               role="tab"
+              tabIndex={activeTab === 'runtime' ? 0 : -1}
               type="button"
             >
               <strong>Agent Runtime</strong>
               <small>OpenCode、Continue 与工作区</small>
             </button>
             <button
+              aria-controls="settings-panel-security"
               aria-label="安全与数据"
               aria-selected={activeTab === 'security'}
+              id="settings-tab-security"
               onClick={() => setActiveTab('security')}
+              onKeyDown={(event) =>
+                handleTabKeyDown(event, 'security')
+              }
               role="tab"
+              tabIndex={activeTab === 'security' ? 0 : -1}
               type="button"
             >
               <strong>安全与数据</strong>
               <small>工具策略与本地隐私</small>
             </button>
             <button
+              aria-controls="settings-panel-automation"
               aria-label="自动化"
               aria-selected={activeTab === 'automation'}
+              id="settings-tab-automation"
               onClick={() => setActiveTab('automation')}
+              onKeyDown={(event) =>
+                handleTabKeyDown(event, 'automation')
+              }
               role="tab"
+              tabIndex={activeTab === 'automation' ? 0 : -1}
               type="button"
             >
               <strong>自动化</strong>
               <small>智能心跳与周期回顾</small>
             </button>
             <button
+              aria-controls="settings-panel-roles"
               aria-label="角色与提示词"
               aria-selected={activeTab === 'roles'}
+              id="settings-tab-roles"
               onClick={() => setActiveTab('roles')}
+              onKeyDown={(event) =>
+                handleTabKeyDown(event, 'roles')
+              }
               role="tab"
+              tabIndex={activeTab === 'roles' ? 0 : -1}
               type="button"
             >
               <strong>角色与提示词</strong>
               <small>角色、说明与系统提示词</small>
             </button>
             <button
+              aria-controls="settings-panel-skills"
               aria-label="Skills"
               aria-selected={activeTab === 'skills'}
+              id="settings-tab-skills"
               onClick={() => setActiveTab('skills')}
+              onKeyDown={(event) =>
+                handleTabKeyDown(event, 'skills')
+              }
               role="tab"
+              tabIndex={activeTab === 'skills' ? 0 : -1}
               type="button"
             >
               <strong>Skills</strong>
               <small>内置与自定义能力</small>
             </button>
             <button
+              aria-controls="settings-panel-mcp"
               aria-label="MCP"
               aria-selected={activeTab === 'mcp'}
+              id="settings-tab-mcp"
               onClick={() => setActiveTab('mcp')}
+              onKeyDown={(event) =>
+                handleTabKeyDown(event, 'mcp')
+              }
               role="tab"
+              tabIndex={activeTab === 'mcp' ? 0 : -1}
               type="button"
             >
               <strong>MCP</strong>
@@ -644,7 +738,12 @@ export function SettingsPanel({
             </button>
           </nav>
 
-          <div className="settings-panel__content">
+          <div
+            aria-labelledby={`settings-tab-${activeTab}`}
+            className="settings-panel__content"
+            id={`settings-panel-${activeTab}`}
+            role="tabpanel"
+          >
           {activeTab === 'appearance' && (
             <div className="settings-section appearance-settings">
               <div className="settings-section__title">
@@ -740,6 +839,13 @@ export function SettingsPanel({
                           setWorkspacePath(selected)
                         }
                       })
+                      .catch((reason: unknown) => {
+                        setError(
+                          reason instanceof Error
+                            ? reason.message
+                            : '选择工作区目录失败'
+                        )
+                      })
                   }}
                   type="button"
                 >

src/renderer/src/speech-recognition.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,187 @@
+import { describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest'
+import {
+  describeSpeechRecognitionError,
+  getSpeechRecognitionConstructor,
+  isElectronUserAgent,
+  prepareSpeechRecognition,
+  type SpeechRecognitionConstructor,
+  type SpeechRecognitionInstance
+} from './speech-recognition'
+
+function createRecognitionConstructor(): {
+  Recognition: SpeechRecognitionConstructor
+  instance: SpeechRecognitionInstance
+} {
+  const instance: SpeechRecognitionInstance = {
+    lang: '',
+    interimResults: true,
+    continuous: true,
+    start: vi.fn(),
+    stop: vi.fn()
+  }
+  const Recognition = vi.fn(function RecognitionMock() {
+    return instance
+  }) as unknown as SpeechRecognitionConstructor
+  return { Recognition, instance }
+}
+
+describe('speech recognition', () => {
+  it('prefers the standard constructor over the prefixed constructor', () => {
+    const standard = createRecognitionConstructor().Recognition
+    const prefixed = createRecognitionConstructor().Recognition
+
+    expect(
+      getSpeechRecognitionConstructor({
+        SpeechRecognition: standard,
+        webkitSpeechRecognition: prefixed
+      } as unknown as Window)
+    ).toBe(standard)
+  })
+
+  it('enables local processing when the language pack is available', async () => {
+    const { Recognition, instance } =
+      createRecognitionConstructor()
+    Recognition.available = vi.fn(
+      async () => 'available' as const
+    )
+
+    await expect(
+      prepareSpeechRecognition(Recognition, 'zh-CN')
+    ).resolves.toEqual({
+      recognition: instance,
+      local: true
+    })
+    expect(instance).toMatchObject({
+      processLocally: true,
+      lang: 'zh-CN',
+      interimResults: false,
+      continuous: false
+    })
+  })
+
+  it('installs a downloadable local language pack before listening', async () => {
+    const { Recognition, instance } =
+      createRecognitionConstructor()
+    const onDownload = vi.fn()
+    Recognition.available = vi.fn(
+      async () => 'downloadable' as const
+    )
+    Recognition.install = vi.fn(async () => true)
+
+    await expect(
+      prepareSpeechRecognition(
+        Recognition,
+        'zh-CN',
+        onDownload
+      )
+    ).resolves.toEqual({
+      recognition: instance,
+      local: true
+    })
+    expect(onDownload).toHaveBeenCalledOnce()
+    expect(Recognition.install).toHaveBeenCalledWith({
+      langs: ['zh-CN'],
+      processLocally: true
+    })
+  })
+
+  it('does not claim local processing when local APIs are unavailable', async () => {
+    const { Recognition, instance } =
+      createRecognitionConstructor()
+
+    await expect(
+      prepareSpeechRecognition(Recognition, 'zh-CN')
+    ).resolves.toEqual({
+      recognition: instance,
+      local: false
+    })
+    expect(instance.processLocally).toBeUndefined()
+  })
+
+  it('avoids Electron speech APIs that can freeze the renderer', async () => {
+    const { Recognition } = createRecognitionConstructor()
+    Recognition.available = vi.fn(
+      async () => 'available' as const
+    )
+
+    await expect(
+      prepareSpeechRecognition(
+        Recognition,
+        'zh-CN',
+        undefined,
+        {},
+        'Mozilla/5.0 Electron/43.2.0'
+      )
+    ).rejects.toThrow('不支持可靠的语音识别')
+    expect(Recognition).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+    expect(Recognition.available).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+  })
+
+  it('reports a language pack that is still downloading', async () => {
+    const { Recognition } = createRecognitionConstructor()
+    Recognition.available = vi.fn(
+      async () => 'downloading' as const
+    )
+
+    await expect(
+      prepareSpeechRecognition(Recognition, 'zh-CN')
+    ).rejects.toThrow('中文离线语音包正在下载')
+  })
+
+  it('bounds a stalled local language availability check', async () => {
+    const { Recognition } = createRecognitionConstructor()
+    Recognition.available = vi.fn(
+      () => new Promise<never>(() => undefined)
+    )
+
+    await expect(
+      prepareSpeechRecognition(
+        Recognition,
+        'zh-CN',
+        undefined,
+        { availabilityMs: 5 }
+      )
+    ).rejects.toThrow('检查中文离线语音包超时')
+  })
+
+  it('bounds a stalled local language pack installation', async () => {
+    const { Recognition } = createRecognitionConstructor()
+    Recognition.available = vi.fn(
+      async () => 'downloadable' as const
+    )
+    Recognition.install = vi.fn(
+      () => new Promise<never>(() => undefined)
+    )
+
+    await expect(
+      prepareSpeechRecognition(
+        Recognition,
+        'zh-CN',
+        undefined,
+        { installMs: 5 }
+      )
+    ).rejects.toThrow('中文离线语音包下载超时')
+  })
+
+  it.each([
+    ['GoodBuddy Electron/43.2.0', true],
+    [
+      'Mozilla/5.0 Chrome/144.0.0.0 Electron/43.2.0 Safari/537.36',
+      true
+    ],
+    ['Mozilla/5.0 Chrome/144.0.0.0 Safari/537.36', false]
+  ])('detects Electron user agent %s', (userAgent, expected) => {
+    expect(isElectronUserAgent(userAgent)).toBe(expected)
+  })
+
+  it.each([
+    ['audio-capture', '未检测到可用麦克风'],
+    ['language-not-supported', '中文语音识别包'],
+    ['network', 'Electron 在线语音服务不可用'],
+    ['no-speech', '没有检测到语音'],
+    ['not-allowed', '麦克风权限被拒绝'],
+    ['service-not-allowed', '麦克风权限被拒绝']
+  ])('maps %s errors to actionable copy', (error, copy) => {
+    expect(describeSpeechRecognitionError({ error })).toContain(copy)
+  })
+})

src/renderer/src/speech-recognition.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,179 @@
+export type SpeechRecognitionErrorCode =
+  | 'aborted'
+  | 'audio-capture'
+  | 'bad-grammar'
+  | 'language-not-supported'
+  | 'network'
+  | 'no-speech'
+  | 'not-allowed'
+  | 'phrases-not-supported'
+  | 'service-not-allowed'
+
+export type SpeechRecognitionResultEvent = {
+  results: ArrayLike<{
+    0?: { transcript?: string }
+  }>
+}
+
+export type SpeechRecognitionErrorEvent = {
+  error?: SpeechRecognitionErrorCode | string
+  message?: string
+}
+
+export type SpeechRecognitionInstance = {
+  lang: string
+  interimResults: boolean
+  continuous: boolean
+  processLocally?: boolean
+  start: () => void
+  stop: () => void
+  onresult?: (event: SpeechRecognitionResultEvent) => void
+  onerror?: (event: SpeechRecognitionErrorEvent) => void
+  onend?: () => void
+}
+
+type LocalAvailability =
+  | 'available'
+  | 'downloadable'
+  | 'downloading'
+  | 'unavailable'
+
+type LocalSpeechOptions = {
+  langs: string[]
+  processLocally: true
+}
+
+export type SpeechRecognitionConstructor = {
+  new (): SpeechRecognitionInstance
+  available?: (
+    options: LocalSpeechOptions
+  ) => Promise<LocalAvailability>
+  install?: (options: LocalSpeechOptions) => Promise<boolean>
+}
+
+export type PreparedSpeechRecognition = {
+  recognition: SpeechRecognitionInstance
+  local: boolean
+}
+
+type SpeechPreparationTimeouts = {
+  availabilityMs?: number
+  installMs?: number
+}
+
+async function withTimeout<T>(
+  operation: Promise<T>,
+  timeoutMs: number,
+  message: string
+): Promise<T> {
+  let timeout: ReturnType<typeof setTimeout> | undefined
+  try {
+    return await Promise.race([
+      operation,
+      new Promise<never>((_, reject) => {
+        timeout = setTimeout(
+          () => reject(new Error(message)),
+          timeoutMs
+        )
+      })
+    ])
+  } finally {
+    if (timeout) {
+      clearTimeout(timeout)
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+export function getSpeechRecognitionConstructor(
+  target: Window
+): SpeechRecognitionConstructor | undefined {
+  const speechWindow = target as unknown as {
+    SpeechRecognition?: SpeechRecognitionConstructor
+    webkitSpeechRecognition?: SpeechRecognitionConstructor
+  }
+  return (
+    speechWindow.SpeechRecognition ??
+    speechWindow.webkitSpeechRecognition
+  )
+}
+
+export async function prepareSpeechRecognition(
+  Recognition: SpeechRecognitionConstructor,
+  lang: string,
+  onDownload?: () => void,
+  timeouts: SpeechPreparationTimeouts = {},
+  userAgent = navigator.userAgent
+): Promise<PreparedSpeechRecognition> {
+  if (isElectronUserAgent(userAgent)) {
+    throw new Error(
+      '当前 Electron 版本不支持可靠的语音识别，请改用系统听写功能输入文字'
+    )
+  }
+  const recognition = new Recognition()
+  const options: LocalSpeechOptions = {
+    langs: [lang],
+    processLocally: true
+  }
+  let local = false
+
+  if (Recognition.available) {
+    const availability = await withTimeout(
+      Recognition.available(options),
+      timeouts.availabilityMs ?? 5_000,
+      '检查中文离线语音包超时，请确认网络后重试'
+    )
+    if (availability === 'available') {
+      local = true
+    } else if (
+      availability === 'downloadable' &&
+      Recognition.install
+    ) {
+      onDownload?.()
+      local = await withTimeout(
+        Recognition.install(options),
+        timeouts.installMs ?? 120_000,
+        '中文离线语音包下载超时，请检查网络后重试'
+      )
+    } else if (availability === 'downloading') {
+      throw new Error('中文离线语音包正在下载，请稍后重试')
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (local) {
+    recognition.processLocally = true
+  }
+  recognition.lang = lang
+  recognition.interimResults = false
+  recognition.continuous = false
+  return { recognition, local }
+}
+
+export function isElectronUserAgent(userAgent: string): boolean {
+  return /\bElectron\/[\d.]+\b/u.test(userAgent)
+}
+
+export function describeSpeechRecognitionError(
+  event: SpeechRecognitionErrorEvent
+): string {
+  switch (event.error) {
+    case 'aborted':
+      return '语音识别已取消'
+    case 'audio-capture':
+      return '未检测到可用麦克风，请检查设备连接和系统输入设置'
+    case 'language-not-supported':
+      return '当前系统没有可用的中文语音识别包'
+    case 'network':
+      return 'Electron 在线语音服务不可用，请安装中文离线语音包后重试'
+    case 'no-speech':
+      return '没有检测到语音，请靠近麦克风后重试'
+    case 'not-allowed':
+    case 'service-not-allowed':
+      return '麦克风权限被拒绝，请在系统隐私设置中允许 GoodBuddy 使用麦克风'
+    case 'phrases-not-supported':
+      return '当前语音识别服务不支持短语增强'
+    case 'bad-grammar':
+      return '当前语音识别服务无法处理语法配置'
+    default:
+      return '语音识别失败，请检查麦克风和系统语音设置'
+  }
+}